Daniel Smith Extra Fine Watercolor - Hooker's Green, 15 ml Tube

Pigment Information

This color contains the following pigments:

PG36-Phthalo Green

PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G

PY150-Nickel Azo Yellow

PO48-Quinacridone Gold

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Pigment Name

PG36-Phthalo Green

Pigment Type

organic

Chemical Name

polybromopolychlorinated copper(II) phthalocyanine

Chemical Formula

C32H3Cl13CuN8 to C32HCl15CuN8 or C32H16CuN8Cl15 (PG7) or C32Br6Cl10CuN8 (PG36)

Properties

Phthalo Green is a transparent, cool, bright, high-intensity color used in oil and acrylics. It comes from a Phthalocyanine Blue pigment where most of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with chlorine, forming highly stable molecules. Pigment PG36 differs from PG7 in that a portion of the chlorine atoms are replaced with reactively similar bromine atoms, but cause a yellow shift that is especially noticeable in mixtures. Phthalo Green has similar pigment properties and permanence to Phthalo Blue. It is slow drying and an excellent base color for mixing a range of bright greens. Phthalo Green is considered a very good alternative to Viridian because it is intense and mixes well and can be used to emphasize mineral colors in various tints. However, its tinting strength is very high, so it can overpower other colors.  This pigment most closely resembles the discontinued and toxic Verdigris.

Permanence

Phthalo Greens are completely lightfast and resistant to alkali, acids, solvents, heat, and ultraviolet radiation. They are currently used in inks, coatings, and many plastics due to their stability and are considered a standard pigment in printing ink and the packaging industry.

Toxicity

Phthalo Green has no significant hazards, but it contained PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) until 1982.

History

This bright blue-green was developed in 1935 and has been in use since 1938.

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Pigment Name

PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G

Pigment Type

organic, monoazo

Chemical Formula

C16H12CL2N4O2

Properties

This Hansa yellow is transparent. It has great brightness and tinting strength and its drying time ranges from average to slow. Hansa Yellow makes more intense tints and cleaner secondaries than Cadmium Yellows, especially when mixed with other organic or modern colors like Phthalo Blue and Green. Because they are more transparent, they have great value as glazing colors.

Permanence

This Hansa Yellow has fair to good permanence, particularly in the lighter shades.

Toxicity

Hansa Yellow has no significant acute hazards, though its chronic hazards have not been well studied.

History

Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before WW1 from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. They were intended to be a synthetic replacement for Cadmium Yellow.

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Pigment Name

PY150-Nickel Azo Yellow

Pigment Type

inorganic

Chemical Name

nickel azomethine yellow

Chemical Formula

C30H18Cl2N6NiO4

Properties

Nickel Azo Yellow is a transparent, moderately staining yellow pigment with high tinting strength. It is considered a good color match in botanical and landscape painting for natural gamboge (NY24), a historic yellow pigment with fair to poor lightfastness.

Permanence

Nickel azomethine yellow has excellent lightfastness.

Toxicity

Nickel azo yellow pigment is mildly toxic, and is often labeled as hazardous. Avoid respiratory and skin exposure to pigment dust. It should be disposed of properly with other hazardous wastes, not washed down the sink.

History

Nickel azomethine yellow has been developed as an artist's pigment because it is a close match for gamboge, a historic yellow.

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Pigment Name

PO48-Quinacridone Gold

Pigment Type

organic, quinacridone

Chemical Formula

C20H12N2O2 or C20H10N2O4

Properties

Quinacridone Gold is a high-performance pigment. It lacks brightness and cleanliness in tints, and it may disperse unevenly. It has an average drying time. Quinacridone pigments have relatively low tinting strength in general. For this reason, quinacridone colors are often expensive, because more pigment is required in the formulation.

Permanence

Quinacridone Gold has excellent lightfastness and is considered the most lightfast pigment in its shade range.

Toxicity

Quinacridone gold is not considered toxic. Overexposure to quinacridone pigments may cause skin irritation. Quinicridone pigments contain a compound found to be a skin, eye, and respiratory irritant.

History

Although quinacridone compounds became known in the late 19th century, methods of manufacturing to make them practical for use as commercial pigments did not begin until the 1950s. Quinacridone pigments were first developed as coatings for the automotive industry but were quickly adopted by artists.

DJ284600042
TU
1
Watercolors
0.06
DS W/C 15ML HOOKERS GREEN